The UK Electronic Travel Authorisation (ETA) system, introduced in November 2023, has been mandatory for non-European travellers without a visa or residency rights since 8 January 2024. From next month, the requirement will also extend to European travellers, who must obtain an ETA before departure.
How ETA works
-
The ETA is a digital travel authorisation linked to the traveller’s passport.
-
It is not a visa and does not guarantee entry to the UK, but it is required to board a flight, train, or ferry to the country.
-
An ETA is valid for two years (or until the passport expires) and allows multiple visits of up to six months each.
-
Travellers who already require a visa for their stay do not need an ETA.
The UK government states that the application process is quick and straightforward, with most decisions issued within three days. Applications can be made via the official UK government website or the UK ETA app.
Border Control and Exemptions
Although the ETA adds an extra step before travel, UK authorities expect minimal disruption at borders. Because the ETA is digitally integrated into the passport, it is automatically verified when scanned at entry points. Eurostar, which operates high-speed trains to London, has confirmed that the requirement should have little impact on travel times.
There are some exemptions for these changes:
-
British and Irish passport holders (including dual citizens) are exempt from ETA requirements.
-
Transit passengers who do not pass through border control are temporarily exempt, following a recent Home Office announcement. This exemption will be kept under review.